Understanding the dynamic interaction between the amygdala and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is essential for unraveling the neural mechanisms underlying emotion regulation. This study introduces a multidimensional analytical framework that integrates functional connectivity, time-lagged correlation, Granger causality analysis (GCA), and entropy-based complexity metrics to explore the amygdala–vmPFC relationship during emotionally aversive tasks using intracranial EEG (iEEG) data. Our findings reveal a significant negative functional correlation (r = -0.009, p < 0.05) between the amygdala and vmPFC, indicating an inhibitory relationship. Time-lagged correlation analysis furthe... More >