TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guerraiche, Khaled
AU  - Sahraoui, Nourelhouda
AU  - Midouni, Feriel
AU  - Dekhici, Latifa
AU  - Hamai, Bouchra
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/11
TI  - Overcurrent Relays Optimization in Distribution Networks Using Bald Eagle Search Algorithm
JO  - Intelligent Computing for Engineering
T2  - Intelligent Computing for Engineering
JF  - Intelligent Computing for Engineering
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
SP  - 4
EP  - 16
DO  - 10.62762/ICE.2026.977887
UR  - https://www.icck.org/article/abs/ICE.2026.977887
KW  - bald eagle search
KW  - optimization
KW  - overcurrent relays
KW  - optimal coordination
KW  - relays settings
AB  - Efficient coordination of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) is a crucial aspect of any protection plan design. This involves selecting appropriate parameters, such as Time Dial Setting (TDS) and Plug Setting (PS) or Pick-up current (Ip), through an optimization approach to minimize the total tripping time of directional overcurrent protection relays positioned at a specific location. In this study, we introduce the Bald Eagle Search Optimizer (BES), a novel optimization method tailored for enhancing the coordination of directional overcurrent relays. Five systems were modeled and simulated to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed approach. The BES method leverages linear programming (LP), nonlinear programming (NLP), and mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) to optimize the TDS and PS while adhering to all constraints. Extensive evaluation using diverse benchmarks with varying topologies confirms the efficiency and robustness of the BES method, namely IEEE 3-bus (with and without distributed generation), IEEE 6-bus, and IEEE 8-bus systems, surpassing the performance of other algorithms documented in the literature under comparable conditions, ensuring equitable comparisons.
SN  - 5 Articles Required
PB  - Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge
LA  - English
ER  - 

@article{Guerraiche2026Overcurren,
  author = {Khaled Guerraiche and Nourelhouda Sahraoui and Feriel Midouni and Latifa Dekhici and Bouchra Hamai},
  title = {Overcurrent Relays Optimization in Distribution Networks Using Bald Eagle Search Algorithm},
  journal = {Intelligent Computing for Engineering},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {4-16},
  doi = {10.62762/ICE.2026.977887},
  url = {https://www.icck.org/article/abs/ICE.2026.977887},
  abstract = {Efficient coordination of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) is a crucial aspect of any protection plan design. This involves selecting appropriate parameters, such as Time Dial Setting (TDS) and Plug Setting (PS) or Pick-up current (Ip), through an optimization approach to minimize the total tripping time of directional overcurrent protection relays positioned at a specific location. In this study, we introduce the Bald Eagle Search Optimizer (BES), a novel optimization method tailored for enhancing the coordination of directional overcurrent relays. Five systems were modeled and simulated to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed approach. The BES method leverages linear programming (LP), nonlinear programming (NLP), and mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) to optimize the TDS and PS while adhering to all constraints. Extensive evaluation using diverse benchmarks with varying topologies confirms the efficiency and robustness of the BES method, namely IEEE 3-bus (with and without distributed generation), IEEE 6-bus, and IEEE 8-bus systems, surpassing the performance of other algorithms documented in the literature under comparable conditions, ensuring equitable comparisons.},
  keywords = {bald eagle search, optimization, overcurrent relays, optimal coordination, relays settings},
  issn = {5 Articles Required},
  publisher = {Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge}
}