Urban parking inefficiency has become a critical challenge in modern cities, leading to increased traffic congestion, higher fuel consumption, and greater environmental impact. This paper proposes an intelligent smart parking management system that integrates hardware sensing, machine learning, and computer vision to enable real-time parking monitoring and automated vehicle identification. The system combines infrared sensors, camera modules, and microcontroller-based control with vision-based parking space detection and automatic license plate recognition (ALPR). Experimental results demonstrate that the parking space detection module achieves an accuracy of 93.97%, while the license plate... More >

Wireless communication technologies are becoming increasingly important in today's rapidly developing technological world. The widespread use of the Internet, the popularity of smartphones and other mobile devices, and the rise in industrial applications have all contributed to the start of a new wireless communication technology revolution. As a result, 6th generation (6G) wireless communication technology is intended to provide enhanced performance features such as faster speeds, larger bandwidths, lower latency, higher connection density, and improved reliability. mmWave-band communications are already having a vital impact on 5G. Similarly, communications in the TeraHertz (THz)-band will... More >