This paper presents a novel hybrid copy–move forgery detection method that combines the efficiency of FAST-BRIEF (for rapid keypoint detection and binary descriptors) with the robustness of SIFT (for scale- and rotation-invariant feature matching). The proposed framework employs g2NN matching for accurate feature correspondence, followed by morphological processing and LSC-SSIM superpixel segmentation for precise localization of tampered regions. The method is evaluated on 30 diverse test images from benchmark datasets comprising over 700 images, achieving a 95% F-measure with an average CPU time of 6.02 seconds. It demonstrates strong resilience to geometric transformations (rotation, sca... More >

This study aims to computationally investigate the role of WS2 as an electron transport layer (ETL) and CuI as a hole transport layer (HTL) in optimizing the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The novelty lies in systematic optimization of band gaps, layer thicknesses, and temperatures to achieve enhanced performance metrics, utilizing the unique properties of WS2 and CuI, which are less explored compared to conventional materials like TiO_2 and Spiro-OMeTAD. The optimized PSC configuration achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.71% with a fill factor (FF) of 71.80%, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.8469 V, and short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 34.06894 mA/cm^2... More >