The continuous rise in global atmospheric carbon dioxide has profoundly altered climate patterns and the spatiotemporal balance of hydrothermal conditions at regional scales. Understanding species’ responses to climatic factors is thus critical for biodiversity conservation. This study focuses on Pinus taiwanensis, analyzing changes in its suitable habitat using distribution data and environmental variables. Employing the biomod2 ensemble model, potential habitats were predicted under three climate scenarios (SSPs126, SSPs370, SSPs585) for the present, 2050, and 2090. Results show: (1) Model performance is excellent (AUC > 0.9, TSS > 0.8). (2) Temperature-related factors (isothermality, di... More >