This paper presents a procedure for calculating switching overvoltage on the main circuit breaker of a medium-voltage (MV) cable feeder, to which induction and/or synchronous generators are connected, during a three-phase short circuit. When a fault occurs, the feeder is disconnected by the circuit breaker located at its beginning. After the set operating time of the relay protection, since islanded operation is not permitted, the connected distributed generators will also be disconnected. It is shown that, during the period when the network is disconnected while the generators remain connected, the overvoltage factor reaches values between 2.2 and 2.5, depending on the types of generators a... More >

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic implications of implementing advanced loss-reduction measures in electrical distribution networks, as observed across developed economies. The study evaluates a set of technical and infrastructural interventions that have demonstrated significant potential in enhancing network efficiency and reducing operational losses. These measures encompass the large-scale deployment of smart electricity meters, the replacement of conventional distribution transformers with units employing amorphous metal cores, and the mitigation of transformer overloading through the installation of higher-rated capacity units. Additional strategies include i... More >