Traffic management is a crucial issue due to the massive increase in vehicles on the road. In order to improve traffic flow, reduce congestion, and ensure commuter safety at junctions, traffic light regulation is essential. This research aims to minimize delay and accident risk while maximizing vehicle throughput through intersections. In this paper, we introduced a new hybrid approach by combining various algorithms, which include a genetic algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to reduce traffic delay at traffic lights. The Webster delay function has been used as a fitness function to evaluate the algorithmic performance. Our hybrid algorithm effici... More >