Recently, battle royale optimizer (BRO), a game-based metaheuristic search algorithm, has been proposed for continuous optimization, inspired by a genre of digital games known as "battle royale." In BRO, each individual chooses the nearest opponent as a competitor. For this purpose, the Euclidean distance between individuals is calculated. This interaction corresponds to an increase in computational complexity by a factor of n. To improve the computational complexity of BRO, a modified methodology is proposed using a ring topology, namely, BRO-RT. In the modified version, a set of individuals is arranged in a ring such that each has a neighborhood comprising several individuals to its left a... More >