The integration of artificial intelligence into biomedical image analysis represents a paradigm shift in clinical decision support and surgical informatics. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a widely performed minimally invasive procedure but remains technically challenging due to limited visibility, anatomical variations, and the risk of complications such as bile duct injury. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), has shown great potential for improving intraoperative understanding through automated surgical video analysis. This review summarizes recent advances in DL-based LC video analysis, focusing on semantic segmentation and surgical action or phase recognit... More >