Open-field vegetable production in the cold plateau regions of Northwest China faces labor shortages, extensive management, meteorological risks, and inefficient use of agricultural inputs. Taking a 6.67 ha smart farm in Huangzhong District, Xining, Qinghai Province, China, as a case study, this study developed a four-tier smart agriculture system comprising perception, transmission, platform, and application layers. The system integrates agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)-based intelligent machinery, precision water and fertilizer management, and a big-data decision-making platform, all adapted to plateau conditions. Field trials and o... More >