This study investigates the impact of three precipitation methods—ammonium sulfate (40%), acetone, and acetone with trichloroacetic acid (TCA)—on the yield and activity of protease extracted from Averrhoa carambola (starfruit) at different maturity stages (unripe, semi-ripe, and ripe). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize hydrolysis conditions, focusing on temperature and pH. Proteases were incubated in buffers ranging from pH 3.5 to 8.5 and at temperatures between 40°C and 90°C, and their proteolytic activity was assessed. Storage stability was monitored over 7 days at <4°C. Ammonium sulfate (40%) yielded the highest proteolytic activity (PA), especially at the unr... More >

Inverse PCR (IPCR) is a reliable, straightforward, and effective technique for acquiring unknown sequences. In this study, we used the model monocot Brachypodium distachyon (ecotype Bd21) to standardize the conditions and materials necessary for the successful execution of IPCR. The analysis of the amplified sequences resulted in the following conclusions. First, the distance between the nearest primer and the boundary of the known-unknown sequence is crucial for determining whether the target sequence can be expanded in the second round of IPCR. Specifically, this distance should exceed 100 bp, ideally around 200 bp. Second, because the random cleavage of a 6 bp endonuclease occurs at a gre... More >

With the growing global population and the challenges of environmental change, genomics has a crucial role to play in improving agricultural yield and sustainability. This article reviews the application of genomics in crop, animal husbandry, fishery and forestry in the past five years. In crop production, genomics has facilitated the genetic improvement of major crops such as rice, wheat, and maize, which have improved crop nutritional value, yield, and resistance to abiotic stresses. In the livestock industry, genomics research in poultry and other livestock has driven breeding improvements and enhanced animal health and productivity. Fisheries use genomic resources for population manageme... More >

Acrylamide, a toxic compound with potential carcinogenic effects, is commonly formed in carbohydrate-rich foods through the Maillard reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids during high-temperature cooking processes. This study reviews the sources of acrylamide in food, its health risks, and various mitigation strategies. Acrylamide is prevalent in products such as bread, potato products, and coffee. Its formation is influenced by factors like pH, temperature, and cooking time. Effective mitigation strategies include modifying cooking methods, using enzymes like asparaginase, selecting low-carbohydrate materials, and applying pretreatments such as soaking in specific solutions or add... More >

Food security is crucial for human survival and national economic development, but frequent meteorological disasters have caused great harm to agricultural production. Therefore, it is very important and meaningful to study how to quickly and accurately predict the loss rate of disasters. Only based on historical loss sequence, the time series prediction method can effectively predict future loss. Therefore, this paper first briefly describes the main means of time series prediction, namely statistical methods and machine learning algorithms. Secondly, the commonly used machine learning algorithms for disaster loss time series prediction, and its application cases and existing problems, were... More >