Artificial intelligence is moving from analytical support toward active participation in enterprise decisions, creating an organization-design problem: firms must decide which rights may be delegated to AI and how responsibility should follow the actors who can prevent, challenge, or remedy failure. Existing work explains automation, augmentation, delegation, human oversight, and responsible AI governance, but does not reveal how specific transfers of decision authority create responsibility gaps inside a focal enterprise decision. This conceptual paper develops a contingency governance framework through a transparent theory-synthesis procedure. A purposive corpus of 44 peer-reviewed studies... More >

Kyrgyzstan relies heavily on hydropower generation, which results in a pronounced seasonal mismatch between electricity supply and demand, posing significant challenges to power system reliability and supply security. During winter, reduced hydropower availability and increased electricity consumption often lead to power shortages and a growing dependence on electricity imports. To support more effective operational planning, this study proposes a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for the coordinated optimization of electricity tariffs and import procurement under seasonal supply constraints. The proposed model incorporates tariff-responsive demand, domestic generation limits, el... More >

To address the practical challenge of severe supply-demand imbalances for emergency supplies in highly uncertain emergencies, this paper systematically explores the construction and design of emergency supplies mobilization chains based on the extraordinary supply theory. First, it analyzes the dissipative structural properties of the emergency supplies support system as a complex system, pointing out that its core objective is to achieve dynamic supply-demand balance throughout its lifetime through the transition between normal and extraordinary supply. Second, it clarifies the concept and connotation of the emergency supplies mobilization chain, revealing its chain structure composed of th... More >

The $k$-out-of-$n$ system is a fundamental redundancy model in reliability engineering, playing a critical role in safety-critical domains, such as power transmission, transportation network, communication networks and industrial production lines. This paper provides a systematic review of recent research advances in reliability modeling and maintenance strategy optimization for $k$-out-of-$n$ systems. We first introduce the standard $k$-out-of-$n$ model and its extensions, including multi-state, weighted, consecutive, and network configurations, along with their reliability evaluation methods. We then review maintenance models encompassing time-based, condition-based, and economically orien... More >