Research Article
Open Access
Ionic Conduction in Cold-Sintered Metakaolin Ceramics
1
College of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
2
Beijing Royal School, Beijing 102209, China
* Corresponding Author:
Linhao Li,
[email protected]
Volume 2, Issue 2
2026
Received: 13 April 2026
Accepted: 06 May 2026
Published: 10 May 2026
Article Information
Published in
Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials
Volume/Issue
Volume 2, Issue 2, 2026
Pages
44-50
Abstract
The influence of process conditions and post-annealing treatments on the ionic transport properties of metakaolin (MK) ceramics prepared by the cold sintering process (CSP) were investigated. Within the temperature range of 120–200 °C, CSP temperature has little influence on densification and microstructure. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that all as-sintered ceramics exhibited significant ionic conduction, with bulk conductivity of approximately 0.001 S/cm at 600 °C. The associated activation energies are confined to a narrow range of 0.63–0.65 eV. In contrast, post-annealing significantly alters the electrical microstructure, giving rise to an additional grain boundary response. After annealing at 1100 °C, the bulk ionic conductivity increased. This increase is likely attributed to the space charge effect due to the coexistence of crystalline and amorphous regions.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords
cold sintering process
metakaolin
ionic conductivity
impedance spectroscopy
space charge effect
Data Availability Statement
Data will be made available on request.
Funding
This work was supported without any funding.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
AI Use Statement
The authors declare that no generative AI was used in the preparation of this manuscript.
Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate
Not applicable.
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Cite This Article
APA Style
Li, L., Zhang, Y., Xu, Z., & Li, B. (2026). Ionic Conduction in Cold-Sintered Metakaolin Ceramics. Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials, 2(2), 44-50. https://doi.org/10.62762/JAEM.2026.769607
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TY - JOUR AU - Li, Linhao AU - Zhang, Yinyin AU - Xu, Zibo AU - Li, Bofeng PY - 2026 DA - 2026/05/10 TI - Ionic Conduction in Cold-Sintered Metakaolin Ceramics JO - Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials T2 - Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials JF - Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 44 EP - 50 DO - 10.62762/JAEM.2026.769607 UR - https://www.icck.org/article/abs/JAEM.2026.769607 KW - cold sintering process KW - metakaolin KW - ionic conductivity KW - impedance spectroscopy KW - space charge effect AB - The influence of process conditions and post-annealing treatments on the ionic transport properties of metakaolin (MK) ceramics prepared by the cold sintering process (CSP) were investigated. Within the temperature range of 120–200 °C, CSP temperature has little influence on densification and microstructure. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that all as-sintered ceramics exhibited significant ionic conduction, with bulk conductivity of approximately 0.001 S/cm at 600 °C. The associated activation energies are confined to a narrow range of 0.63–0.65 eV. In contrast, post-annealing significantly alters the electrical microstructure, giving rise to an additional grain boundary response. After annealing at 1100 °C, the bulk ionic conductivity increased. This increase is likely attributed to the space charge effect due to the coexistence of crystalline and amorphous regions. SN - 3070-5649 PB - Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge LA - English ER -
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@article{Li2026Ionic,
author = {Linhao Li and Yinyin Zhang and Zibo Xu and Bofeng Li},
title = {Ionic Conduction in Cold-Sintered Metakaolin Ceramics},
journal = {Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials},
year = {2026},
volume = {2},
number = {2},
pages = {44-50},
doi = {10.62762/JAEM.2026.769607},
url = {https://www.icck.org/article/abs/JAEM.2026.769607},
abstract = {The influence of process conditions and post-annealing treatments on the ionic transport properties of metakaolin (MK) ceramics prepared by the cold sintering process (CSP) were investigated. Within the temperature range of 120–200 °C, CSP temperature has little influence on densification and microstructure. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that all as-sintered ceramics exhibited significant ionic conduction, with bulk conductivity of approximately 0.001 S/cm at 600 °C. The associated activation energies are confined to a narrow range of 0.63–0.65 eV. In contrast, post-annealing significantly alters the electrical microstructure, giving rise to an additional grain boundary response. After annealing at 1100 °C, the bulk ionic conductivity increased. This increase is likely attributed to the space charge effect due to the coexistence of crystalline and amorphous regions.},
keywords = {cold sintering process, metakaolin, ionic conductivity, impedance spectroscopy, space charge effect},
issn = {3070-5649},
publisher = {Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge}
}
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