Ensuring the freshness of food products is essential for both acute and chronic health outcomes. However, significant health risks can be triggered by dietary resources subjected to improper storage protocols. Current methods are often unreliable and infeasible for detecting food freshness. This research proposes an IoT-based food freshness detection system that integrates a suite of electrochemical and gas sensors-including pH, moisture, and ethanol sensors-to assess food freshness and reduce health risks associated with spoilage in perishable items like meat, produce, and dairy. The system is integrated with a mobile application that allows users to analyze food quality in real-time, bas... More >

To address evolving security challenges in cloud computing, this study proposes a hybrid deep learning architecture integrating Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRU) for cloud intrusion detection. The BiLSTM-BiGRU model synergizes BiLSTM's long-term dependency modeling with BiGRU's efficient gating mechanisms, achieving a detection accuracy of 96.7% on the CIC-IDS 2018 dataset. It outperforms CNN-LSTM baselines by 2.2% accuracy, 3.3% precision, 3.6% recall, and 3.6% F1-score, demonstrating consistently superior performance across all evaluation metrics. The architecture demonstrates operational efficiency through 20% reduced computation... More >

This paper focuses on the implementation of a control framework for a fixed wing aircraft system and the simulation demonstrations. The aim is to develop several Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers to stabilise the altitude and attitude in a 2D environment by regulating the engine power, the pitch angle, and height in flight operation. In technique, a dynamic mathematical model is established by considering the degrees of freedom and the dynamics of motion of a fixed wing aircraft, which provide a foundation for design and simulation. A simplified aircraft dynamic model is tailored for testing the formed control systems, which can be flexibly modified with different aircraft c... More >

3D holographic displays on vehicles are a new out-of-home (OOH) advertisement technology offering an interactive and dynamic means of engaging consumers. They enhance advertisement visibility and viewer interaction through the projection of colorful, three-dimensional images in public areas. An Internet of Things (IoT) based holographic advertisement system is presented, integrating remote content management and personalized advertising control. The system includes an Android application that allows users to select and schedule ads displayed on moving vehicles. A GPS module provides real-time vehicle tracking, supporting security and targeted advertisements. Cloud-based storage ensures remot... More >

The Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) method offers a practical and cost-effective solution for seismic design. Accurate modeling of the TLD system’s dynamic behavior is crucial for optimizing its performance. In this study, the nonlinear dynamics of the TLD system are characterized using the Housner model, with parameters estimated via a nonlinear state estimation approach. To address challenges associated with model discretization and unknown noise processes, we introduce a Robust Extended Kalman Filter (REKF) that incrementally incorporates uncertainties to more accurately capture system dynamics. The proposed method is evaluated through real-time hybrid simulation, employing seismic input sign... More >

This study presents an intelligent automated system for real-time detection and classification of tomato diseases using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) integrated within an Internet of Things (IoT) based unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). The CNN was trained and evaluated using a dataset comprising over 20,000 images of tomato leaves categorized into ten distinct diseases—Late Blight, Early Blight, Septoria Leaf Spot, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus, Bacterial Spot, Target Spot, Tomato Mosaic Virus, Leaf Mold, Spider Mites Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Powdery Mildew—and healthy leaves. The developed CNN architecture, optimized for lightweight deployment on edge devices like Raspberry Pi 4, ac... More >

The rapid urbanization and technological advancements have driven the development of smart cities, envisioned as sustainable, efficient, and interconnected urban spaces. The integration of sixth-generation (6G) wireless technology in smart cities promises unprecedented opportunities in connectivity, low-latency communication, and data management, which transforms urban living. However, this evolution raises critical ethical concerns related to privacy, inclusion, transparency, accountability, and environmental sustainability. This paper explores the ethical considerations inherent in designing smart cities with 6G, emphasizing data governance, equity, and human-centric approaches. It delves... More >

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the knee, causing cartilage deterioration and discomfort. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management, as it can slow disease progression and improve the quality of life. This study proposes a deep learning approach to automatically sense and classify knee OA severity from X-ray images using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and the VGG16 model, establishing X-ray imaging as a biomedical sensing modality for automated disease grading. The models were trained on a dataset of knee X-ray images, and performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The proposed CNNs model achieved 99%... More >