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Primary Thought on the Incorporation of Intelligent Control and U-control (I-U-control)
Research Article | Published: 20 July 2025
ICCK Transactions on Sensing, Communication, and Control Volume 2, Issue 3, 2025: 132-146
Volume 2, Issue 3, ICCK Transactions on Sensing, Communication, and Control
Volume 2, Issue 3, 2025
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Debnath Bhattacharyya
Debnath Bhattacharyya
KL University, India
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ICCK Transactions on Sensing, Communication, and Control, Volume 2, Issue 3, 2025: 132-146

Research Article | 20 July 2025
Primary Thought on the Incorporation of Intelligent Control and U-control (I-U-control)
by
Quanmin Zhu Quanmin Zhu 1
Haihong Wang Haihong Wang 2 *
1 School of Engineering, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
2 College of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
* Corresponding Author: Haihong Wang, [email protected]
DOI: 10.62762/TSCC.2025.880778
Received: 05 April 2025, Accepted: 06 May 2025, Published: 20 July 2025  
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Abstract
This study explains the main idea and structure of a What-How intelligent control (WH-I-control) system and a universal control (U-control) system. The system has two control layers. The bottom layer uses the U-control framework to manage 'How' to control within a universal framework. The top layer uses intelligent control (I-control) to coordinate and guide 'What' to achieve both global and local control goals. This study also reviews the configurations, functions, and integration of these two control layers in analysis, design, and applications.
Graphical Abstract
Primary Thought on the Incorporation of Intelligent Control and U-control (I-U-control)
Keywords
universal(U)-control
data-driven operation
control Lyapunov stability
lyapunov derivative inequality
intelligent (I)-control
goal-oriented control systems (GOCS)
What-How intelligent control systems (WH-ICS)
Data Availability Statement
Data will be made available on request.
Funding
This work was supported without any funding.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate
Not applicable.
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Cite This Article
APA Style
Zhu, Q., & Wang, H. (2025). Primary Thought on the Incorporation of Intelligent Control and U-control (I-U-control). ICCK Transactions on Sensing, Communication, and Control, 2(3), 132–146. https://doi.org/10.62762/TSCC.2025.880778
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