This work investigates the formation and dynamics of electrostatic freak waves in pair-ion (PI) and pair-ion--electron (PIE) plasmas. The analysis begins with the derivation of the Korteweg--de Vries (KdV) equations for both plasma configurations, from which the corresponding nonlinear and dispersive coefficients are obtained. By employing the wave superposition principle, the KdV equations are systematically reduced to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), enabling the exploration of modulation instability and rogue wave generation. Analytical solutions of the NLSE are utilized to construct parametric plots that elucidate the evolution of freak waves in PI and PIE plasmas. Comparative... More >

This study investigates the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Boger tri-hybrid nanofluid (tri-HNF) through a stretching disk. A novel machine learning technique, specifically the Levenberg--Marquardt (LM) scheme under a backpropagated artificial neural network (ANN), is used to predict the flow dynamics with heat and mass transfer. The Cattaneo-Christov mass and heat fluxes model, permeable media, and viscous dissipation are considered. The well-known Brinkman-Hamilton and Crosser model is used to describe thermal conductivity and viscosity models. The computational solution to the current problem has been obtained using the Bvp4c approach, which is based on finite differences. In order to e... More >