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Volume 1, Issue 1, ICCK Transactions on Mobile and Wireless Intelligence
Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025
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ICCK Transactions on Mobile and Wireless Intelligence, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025: 1-10

Free to Read | Research Article | 21 July 2025
A 2-Step Nearest Neighbor Approach to TSP for Mobile Data Collection Route Optimization in IoT
1 Department of Computer Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35401, United States
2 Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: Abul Kalam Azad, [email protected]
Received: 22 June 2025, Accepted: 03 July 2025, Published: 21 July 2025  
Abstract
The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well-known NP-hard problem that aims to find the optimal tour among cities, visiting each exactly once and returning to the origin. Over the years, many researchers have proposed various approaches to find near-optimal solutions for TSP. This paper proposed a variant of the nearest neighbor algorithm termed the 2-step nearest neighbor algorithm. Unlike the original nearest neighbor approach, this algorithm considers two nearest nodes as potential next nodes. For each of those nearest nodes, the two nearest nodes have been considered. The sub-tour with the minimum cost among the resulting four has added to the final tour. This process continues until all nodes are covered. The performance of the proposed algorithm compared with that of existing brute-force, nearest-neighbor, and genetic algorithms. The proposed algorithm's utility extends from classical TSP instances to route planning for mobile data collectors in Internet of things (IoT) environments. In such scenarios, a mobile collector visits distributed IoT sensor nodes to gather data and return to its base station, minimizing total travel costs and making the problem analogous to TSP. Result analysis shows that in most scenarios, the proposed approach yields a shorter distance tour than the existing nearest neighbor approach, though with slightly increased computational time. The approach could also be adapted based on the number of nodes, the optimal solution requirement, and available computational resources. The code is available at https://github.com/azad-nstu/CS570-Proj-1-Traveling-Salesman-Problem-TSP.

Graphical Abstract
A 2-Step Nearest Neighbor Approach to TSP for Mobile Data Collection Route Optimization in IoT

Keywords
traveling salesman problem
optimization
brute force
nearest neighbor
genetic algorithm
internet of things

Data Availability Statement
The source code and relevant data supporting the findings of this study are publicly available at the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/azad-nstu/CS570-Proj-1-Traveling-Salesman-Problem-TSP.

Funding
This work was supported without any funding.

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares no conflicts of interest.

Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate
Not applicable.

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Cite This Article
APA Style
Azad, A. K. (2025). A 2-Step Nearest Neighbor Approach to TSP for Mobile Data Collection Route Optimization in IoT. ICCK Transactions on Mobile and Wireless Intelligence, 1(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.62762/TMWI.2025.370327

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