This study presents an analytical mathematical model for an integrated microbial fuel cell--oxic--anoxic bioreactor (MFC--OB--ANB) system designed for simultaneous slaughterhouse wastewater treatment and energy recovery. The model incorporates bioelectrochemical oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification processes using acetate as a representative substrate. Closed-form analytical solutions are derived for substrate degradation, nitrogen transformation, current density, and system voltage. The effects of biofilm thickness, membrane conductivity, and influent substrate concentration on treatment efficiency and power generation are systematically investigated. Results reveal that enhanced b... More >

The laminar bioconvection flow of a nanofluid in a convergent/divergent channel is computationally analyzed. The channel features impervious, adiabatic walls. A physics-based model couples the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations. A thermal-hydraulic and entropy production analysis is performed using the first and second laws of thermodynamics to identify ideal parameters that maximize thermal performance while minimizing system irreversibility. Fluid flow, heat-mass transfer, motile microorganism density, and system entropy are investigated as functions of the channel angle. The governing equations are reduced via scaling and solved numerically using the Keller-Box method. Resu... More >

This study investigates the effects of a nonlinear stretched surface in a two-dimensional Modified Eyring-Powell liquid due to a double stratified chemical reactive flow of non-Fourier heat flux. We study the flux model which is the generalized form of Fourier's classical expression with thermal relaxation time. The temperature-dependent thermal conductivity is taken into consideration and the stretched surface's thickness is variable. The similarity transformation approach is used to convert the governing system of PDEs into a collection of connected nonlinear ordinary differential systems. The resulting problems are tackled via the application of homotopy analysis approach. Skin friction c... More >

This study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a second-grade nanofluid in a converging/diverging channel, incorporating the significant effects of multiple slip mechanisms. The analysis considers velocity, thermal, and solutal slip conditions at the channel walls, providing a more realistic model of nanofluid behavior in micro-environments or with specific surface interactions. The governing equations, derived from the principles of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, are formulated using a non-Newtonian second-grade fluid model to account for viscoelastic effects, combined with the Buongiorno model to capture the Brownia... More >

The knowledge on understanding non-Newtonian fluid dynamics influences and behaviors in magnetic and nanoscale effects of transport is also important to the advanced processes of engineering. The current paper examines MHD flow and heat transfer of a Williamson nanofluid across a stretching cylindrical surface, taking into consideration Hall current and chemical reaction and non-Fourier heat and mass flux that is described by the Cattaneo Christov theory. The transport of Nanoparticles is explained in terms of Buongiorno model of thermophoresis and Brownian movement. Similarity variables are used to transform the governing nonlinear equations and then analytically solved via Optimal Homotopy... More >