Permafrost is typical temperature-sensitive sediment, and geo-mechanical issues such as wellbore collapse and sand production are prone to occur during the oil and gas development. Therefore, it is crucial to elucidate the patterns and mechanisms of wellbore instability throughout the drilling proce...

Audio-visual spoofing attacks have emerged as a serious threat to modern hearing-assistive systems due to rapid advances in text-to-speech synthesis, neural vocoders, and lip-sync deepfake generation. Advanced hearing aids and cochlear implants increasingly incorporate AI-based speech enhancement an...

Digital image manipulation has become increasingly prevalent with the widespread availability of editing tools, raising concerns regarding image authenticity in critical applications. This study presents a passive image forgery detection framework based on multiscale Weber Local Descriptor features...

A unified fractional simplest equation framework is developed for nonlinear power-law wave equations whose travelling-wave reductions lead to $U'' + \lambda U^p = 0$, $p>1$. In contrast to classical simplest equation methods restricted to integer polynomial expansions, we introduce a fractional powe...

Environmental commitments related to fuel production make it imperative that new forms of propulsion be developed in the future. This review discusses the most salient aspects related to recent alternative fuels, such as biofuels and electric fuels, considered low-carbon fuels, as well as zero-emiss...

Examination environments across Pakistan's university-affiliated college sector are designed to uphold fairness, integrity, and student dignity. However, systemic gaps in invigilation governance including absent standardized procedures, limited invigilator training, and inadequate accountability mec...

The study of coupled reaction transport in Casson rheology bridges the gap between idealized Newtonian models and practical non-Newtonian fluids, as chemically reacting nanoparticles alter the concentration and thermal behavior of the base fluid. This complexity intensifies when nanoparticles are in...

As the global population structure aged more rapidly and the digital technology revolution became deeply integrated, the interaction between the elderly and the digital economy turned into a cutting - edge area in academic research and practical exploration; based on the panel data regarding the dig...

With the rapid advancement of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, there is a need for lightweight and accurate object detection on resource-constrained platforms. This paper proposes MS-CADNet, an anchor-free network for small object detection in aerial imagery. It uses a MobileNetV3-Small bac...

Electroluminescence imaging is widely used for detecting defects in solar cells. It reveals electrically active damage that remains invisible under conventional optical inspection. Most existing studies apply machine learning models to classify electroluminescence images and report performance mainl...