Biodiesel in the Era of Renewable Transition: Critical Advances, Limitations and Future Engineering Pathways
Perspective  ·  Published: 07 February 2026
Issue cover
Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels
Volume 2, Issue 2, 2026: 28-33
Perspective Open Access

Biodiesel in the Era of Renewable Transition: Critical Advances, Limitations and Future Engineering Pathways

1 Nanocatalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Engineering, Centro Universitario de los Altos, University of Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, Mexico
Corresponding Author: Alejandro Pérez-Larios, [email protected]
Volume 2, Issue 2

Article Information

Abstract

Biodiesel has evolved from a niche alternative fuel into a strategic component of global decarbonization and energy diversification efforts. Its compatibility with existing engines, low sulfur content, and potential integration within circular bioeconomy frameworks position biodiesel as a relevant contributor to renewable energy transitions, particularly in regions with strong agricultural and agro-industrial sectors. Despite substantial progress in feedstock diversification, catalytic innovation, and process intensification, biodiesel production continues to face persistent challenges related to cost competitiveness, sustainability metrics, land use pressures, and scalability. This Perspective critically examines the current technological and systemic boundaries limiting biodiesel expansion and argues that its future relevance will depend on engineering integration rather than isolated process optimization. Emerging trends in catalysis, non-food feedstocks, digitalization, and artificial intelligence–driven process control are discussed alongside integration pathways with biorefineries and existing petroleum infrastructure. Remaining constraints—spanning feedstock economics, environmental trade-offs, and the water–energy–food nexus—are analyzed from a forward-looking engineering standpoint. Finally, this perspective outlines priority research directions and engineering strategies that could enable biodiesel to transition from a bridging fuel to a resilient component of low-carbon fuel systems over the coming decade.

Keywords

biodiesel production renewable fuels transition catalytic and process intensification sustainable feedstocks

Data Availability Statement

Not applicable.

Funding

This work was supported without any funding.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

AI Use Statement

The authors declare that no generative AI was used in the preparation of this manuscript.

Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate

Not applicable.

References

  1. Bello, U., Adamu, H., Samsuri, S., Ibrahim, H., & Qamar, M. (2025). Improving biodiesel oxidative stability using antioxidants: An insight into the research trends and future prospects from a bibliometric approach. Results in Engineering, 26, 105185.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  2. Osman, W. N. A. W., Rosli, M. H., Mazli, W. N. A., & Samsuri, S. (2024). Comparative review of biodiesel production and purification. Carbon Capture Science & Technology, 13, 100264.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  3. Sharma, R. (2024). Agro-industrial waste to energy—Sustainable management. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 41, e01117.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  4. Abdelrahman, A. A., & Abo El-Khair, M. A. (2025). Advanced Biodiesel Production: Feedstocks, Technologies, Catalysts, Challenges, and Environmental Impacts. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 13(1), 114966.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  5. Molina, S., & Doussoulin, J. P. (2025). Moving towards a circular bioeconomy in developing countries: Profitability gap in Chile’s biodiesel production. Biomass and Bioenergy, 202, 108197.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  6. Srikumar, K., Tan, Y. H., Kansedo, J., Tan, I. S., Mubarak, N. M., Ibrahim, M. L., Yek, P. N. Y., Foo, H. C. Y., Karri, R. R., & Khalid, M. (2024). A review on the environmental life cycle assessment of biodiesel production: Selection of catalyst and oil feedstock. Biomass and Bioenergy, 185, 107239.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  7. Naseef, H. H., & Tulaimat, R. H. (2025). Transesterification and esterification for biodiesel production: A comprehensive review of catalysts and palm oil feedstocks. Energy Conversion and Management: X, 26, 100931.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gholami, A., Pourfayaz, F., & Maleki, A. (2021). Techno-economic assessment of biodiesel production from canola oil through ultrasonic cavitation. Energy Reports, 7, 266–277.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  9. Sankaran, R., Show, P. L., & Chang, J. S. (2016). Biodiesel production using immobilized lipase: feasibility and challenges. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 10(6), 896-916.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  10. Mushahary, N., Sarkar, A., Basumatary, F., Brahma, S., Das, B., & Basumatary, S. (2024). Recent developments on graphene oxide and its composite materials: From fundamentals to applications in biodiesel synthesis, adsorption, photocatalysis, supercapacitors, sensors and antimicrobial activity. Results in Surfaces and Interfaces, 15, 100225.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  11. Mustapha, S. I., Anekwe, I. M. S., Muritala, K. B., & Isa, Y. M. (2025). Advances in nanocatalysts for biofuel production: Mechanisms, performance, and future perspectives. Materials Today Sustainability, 32, 101246.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. Baidoo, E. B., Tulashie, S. K., Alale, E. M., Munumkum, C. A., Acquah, D., Agudah, P. Q., & Asante, P. A. (2025). Revolutionizing bioenergy production: A review on sustainable biomass feedstock. Biomass and Bioenergy, 201, 108113.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  13. Diwan, B., Parkhey, P., & Gupta, P. (2018). From agro-industrial wastes to single cell oils: a step towards prospective biorefinery. Folia microbiologica, 63(5), 547-568.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  14. Nayak, S. N., Nayak, M. G., & Bhasin, C. P. (2025). Microwave-mediated conversion of Kusum seed oil into biodiesel and optimization using RSM-central composite design. Results in Chemistry, 102970.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  15. Wu, W., Tan, L., Chang, H., Zhang, C., Tan, X., Liao, Q., ... & Ho, S. H. (2023). Advancements on process regulation for microalgae-based carbon neutrality and biodiesel production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 171, 112969.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  16. Chanu, N. B., Singh, A. B., & Singh, M. C. (2023). Microwave assisted catalysis for biofuel production. In Bioenergy Engineering (pp. 427-445). Woodhead Publishing.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  17. Elgharbawy, A. S., Farghali, M., Osman, A. I., Hanafy, M. A., & Al-Muhtaseb, A. H. (2025). Innovative biodiesel production for sustainable energy: Advances in feedstocks, transesterification, and cost efficiency. Biomass and Bioenergy, 201, 108114.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  18. Gautam, A. (2025). Optimization and Control of Continuous Biodiesel Production Processes: A Review. Chemical Engineering and Processing-Process Intensification, 110323.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sulaiman, N. F., Gunasekaran, S. S., Zaman, H. B., Nashruddin, S. N. A. M., Nashruddin, S. N. A. M., Sofiah, A. G. N., ... & Lee, S. L. (2025). Advances in catalysis for biodiesel production: Integrating AI-driven optimization and bibliometric insights into renewable energy technologies. Bioresource Technology, 437, 133088.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mehra, K. S., & Goel, V. (2025). Unveiling next-generation biodiesel Technologies: Techno-Economic and energy breakthroughs for sustainable production. Biomass and Bioenergy, 199, 107910.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  21. Krisdiyanto, D., Wijaya, K., Syoufian, A., Saviola, A. J., Fitria, R. A., Wahyuningsih, P., ... & Kumar, J. S. (2025). Exploring non-conventional techniques in biodiesel production: A brief review. Molecular Catalysis, 584, 115289.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  22. Zhang, L., & Bai, W. (2021). Sustainability of crop–based biodiesel for transportation in China: Barrier analysis and life cycle ecological footprint calculations. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 164, 120526.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  23. Akhlisah, Z. N., Ong, H. C., Lee, H. V., & Tan, Y. H. (2026). Environmental impacts of biomass energy: A life cycle assessment perspective for circular economy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 226, 116363.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  24. Bukkarapu, K. R., & Krishnasamy, A. (2024). Evaluating the feasibility of machine learning algorithms for combustion regime classification in biodiesel-fueled homogeneous charge compression ignition engines. Fuel, 374, 132406.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  25. Milessi, T. S., Tabuchi, S. C. T., Esteves, T. D., Hirata, D. B., Capaz, R. S., & Mendes, A. A. (2022). Biodiesel production in oil biorefinery and by-products utilization. In Production of Top 12 Biochemicals Selected by USDOE from Renewable Resources (pp. 109–150). Elsevier.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  26. Gabrielli, P., Gazzani, M., & Mazzotti, M. (2020). The role of carbon capture and utilization, carbon capture and storage, and biomass to enable a net-zero-CO2 emissions chemical industry. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 59(15), 7033-7045.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  27. Chrysikou, L. P., Dagonikou, V., Dimitriadis, A., & Bezergianni, S. (2019). Waste cooking oils exploitation targeting EU 2020 diesel fuel production: Environmental and economic benefits. Journal of Cleaner Production, 219, 566–575.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  28. Motevali, A., Hosseingholilou, B., Ghafari, A., Ghobadian, B., Fayyazi, E., & Khoshnevisan, B. (2026). Sustainable biodiesel production through process Intensification: A comparative life cycle assessment. Energy Conversion and Management, 350, 120884.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

Cite This Article

APA Style
Contreras-Pacheco, Y. V., & Pérez-Larios, A. (2026). Biodiesel in the Era of Renewable Transition: Critical Advances, Limitations and Future Engineering Pathways. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels, 2(2), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.62762/JCERF.2025.436781
Export Citation
RIS Format
Compatible with EndNote, Zotero, Mendeley, and other reference managers
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Contreras-Pacheco, Yéssica Vanessa
AU  - Pérez-Larios, Alejandro
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/02/07
TI  - Biodiesel in the Era of Renewable Transition: Critical Advances, Limitations and Future Engineering Pathways
JO  - Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels
T2  - Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels
JF  - Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
SP  - 28
EP  - 33
DO  - 10.62762/JCERF.2025.436781
UR  - https://www.icck.org/article/abs/JCERF.2025.436781
KW  - biodiesel production
KW  - renewable fuels transition
KW  - catalytic and process intensification
KW  - sustainable feedstocks
AB  - Biodiesel has evolved from a niche alternative fuel into a strategic component of global decarbonization and energy diversification efforts. Its compatibility with existing engines, low sulfur content, and potential integration within circular bioeconomy frameworks position biodiesel as a relevant contributor to renewable energy transitions, particularly in regions with strong agricultural and agro-industrial sectors. Despite substantial progress in feedstock diversification, catalytic innovation, and process intensification, biodiesel production continues to face persistent challenges related to cost competitiveness, sustainability metrics, land use pressures, and scalability. This Perspective critically examines the current technological and systemic boundaries limiting biodiesel expansion and argues that its future relevance will depend on engineering integration rather than isolated process optimization. Emerging trends in catalysis, non-food feedstocks, digitalization, and artificial intelligence–driven process control are discussed alongside integration pathways with biorefineries and existing petroleum infrastructure. Remaining constraints—spanning feedstock economics, environmental trade-offs, and the water–energy–food nexus—are analyzed from a forward-looking engineering standpoint. Finally, this perspective outlines priority research directions and engineering strategies that could enable biodiesel to transition from a bridging fuel to a resilient component of low-carbon fuel systems over the coming decade.
SN  - 3070-1058
PB  - Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge
LA  - English
ER  - 
BibTeX Format
Compatible with LaTeX, BibTeX, and other reference managers
@article{ContrerasPacheco2026Biodiesel,
  author = {Yéssica Vanessa Contreras-Pacheco and Alejandro Pérez-Larios},
  title = {Biodiesel in the Era of Renewable Transition: Critical Advances, Limitations and Future Engineering Pathways},
  journal = {Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {28-33},
  doi = {10.62762/JCERF.2025.436781},
  url = {https://www.icck.org/article/abs/JCERF.2025.436781},
  abstract = {Biodiesel has evolved from a niche alternative fuel into a strategic component of global decarbonization and energy diversification efforts. Its compatibility with existing engines, low sulfur content, and potential integration within circular bioeconomy frameworks position biodiesel as a relevant contributor to renewable energy transitions, particularly in regions with strong agricultural and agro-industrial sectors. Despite substantial progress in feedstock diversification, catalytic innovation, and process intensification, biodiesel production continues to face persistent challenges related to cost competitiveness, sustainability metrics, land use pressures, and scalability. This Perspective critically examines the current technological and systemic boundaries limiting biodiesel expansion and argues that its future relevance will depend on engineering integration rather than isolated process optimization. Emerging trends in catalysis, non-food feedstocks, digitalization, and artificial intelligence–driven process control are discussed alongside integration pathways with biorefineries and existing petroleum infrastructure. Remaining constraints—spanning feedstock economics, environmental trade-offs, and the water–energy–food nexus—are analyzed from a forward-looking engineering standpoint. Finally, this perspective outlines priority research directions and engineering strategies that could enable biodiesel to transition from a bridging fuel to a resilient component of low-carbon fuel systems over the coming decade.},
  keywords = {biodiesel production, renewable fuels transition, catalytic and process intensification, sustainable feedstocks},
  issn = {3070-1058},
  publisher = {Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge}
}

Article Metrics

Citations
Google Scholar
0
Crossref
0
Scopus
0
Web of Science
0
Views
253
PDF Downloads
66

Publisher's Note

ICCK stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and Permissions

CC BY Copyright © 2026 by the Author(s). Published by Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels
Journal of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Fuels
ISSN: 3070-1058 (Online)
Portico
Preserved at
Portico