Highly Transparent Sm:LuAG Ceramics for Cladding Fabricated by Solid-state Reactive Sintering

Junhao Ye; Weiwei Han; Zhenzhen Zhou; Chen Hu; Yiyang Liu; Lexiang Wu; Dong Huang; Tingsong Li; Jiang Li

doi:10.62762/JAMR.2025.567536

Volume 1, Issue 1, Journal of Advanced Materials Research

Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025

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Journal of Advanced Materials Research, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025: 6-17

Open Access | Research Article | 20 December 2025

Highly Transparent Sm:LuAG Ceramics for Cladding Fabricated by Solid-state Reactive Sintering

Junhao Ye 1,2

Weiwei Han 2,3

Zhenzhen Zhou 1,2

Chen Hu 1,2

Yiyang Liu 1

Lexiang Wu 1

Dong Huang 1

Tingsong Li 1

Jiang Li 1,2 *

1 State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China

2 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

3 School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China

* Corresponding Author: Jiang Li, [email protected]

DOI: 10.62762/JAMR.2025.567536

ARK: ark:/57805/jamr.2025.567536

Received: 29 October 2025, Accepted: 08 December 2025, Published: 20 December 2025

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Abstract

In solid-state laser systems with nanosecond repetition rates and high energy, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and parasitic oscillation (PO) produced by the gain material can significantly impact the laser output. A well-designed cladding composite structure is an effective solution to absorb ASE and suppress PO. In this work, 5 at.% Sm:LuAG transparent ceramics, a promising cladding material for suppressors of PO at 1064 nm of Nd:LuAG lasers, have been prepared by solid-state reactive sintering at 1825 °C followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) post-treatment at 1750 °C. The influences of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) content on microstructure evolution, in-line transmittance of the 5 at.% Sm:LuAG ceramics were studied. The results show that when the TEOS content is 0.8 wt.%, high transparency Sm:LuAG ceramics can be obtained by vacuum sintering at 1825 °C for 5 h followed by HIP post-treatment at 1750 °C in an argon atmosphere under 200 MPa for 3 h. The optimum in-line transmittance of the HIP-ed Sm:LuAG ceramics (1.5 mm thickness) is 83.3% at a wavelength of 808 nm and absorption coefficient of 3.46 cm$^{-1}$ at 1064 nm, indicating that it can effectively suppress ASE and PO.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

Sm:LuAG

transparent ceramics

cladding ceramics

microstructure evolution

sintering additives

Data Availability Statement

Data will be made available on request.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2023YFB3812000.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate

Not applicable.

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Ye, J., Han, W., Zhou, Z., Hu, C., Liu, Y., Wu, L., Huang, D., Li, T., & Li, J. (2025). Highly Transparent Sm:LuAG Ceramics for Cladding Fabricated by Solid-state Reactive Sintering. Journal of Advanced Materials Research, 1(1), 6–17. https://doi.org/10.62762/JAMR.2025.567536

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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, Junhao
AU  - Han, Weiwei
AU  - Zhou, Zhenzhen
AU  - Hu, Chen
AU  - Liu, Yiyang
AU  - Wu, Lexiang
AU  - Huang, Dong
AU  - Li, Tingsong
AU  - Li, Jiang
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/20
TI  - Highly Transparent Sm:LuAG Ceramics for Cladding Fabricated by Solid-state Reactive Sintering
JO  - Journal of Advanced Materials Research
T2  - Journal of Advanced Materials Research
JF  - Journal of Advanced Materials Research
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
SP  - 6
EP  - 17
DO  - 10.62762/JAMR.2025.567536
UR  - https://www.icck.org/article/abs/JAMR.2025.567536
KW  - Sm:LuAG
KW  - transparent ceramics
KW  - cladding ceramics
KW  - microstructure evolution
KW  - sintering additives
AB  - In solid-state laser systems with nanosecond repetition rates and high energy, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and parasitic oscillation (PO) produced by the gain material can significantly impact the laser output. A well-designed cladding composite structure is an effective solution to absorb ASE and suppress PO. In this work, 5 at.% Sm:LuAG transparent ceramics, a promising cladding material for suppressors of PO at 1064 nm of Nd:LuAG lasers, have been prepared by solid-state reactive sintering at 1825 °C followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) post-treatment at 1750 °C. The influences of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) content on microstructure evolution, in-line transmittance of the 5 at.% Sm:LuAG ceramics were studied. The results show that when the TEOS content is 0.8 wt.%, high transparency Sm:LuAG ceramics can be obtained by vacuum sintering at 1825 °C for 5 h followed by HIP post-treatment at 1750 °C in an argon atmosphere under 200 MPa for 3 h. The optimum in-line transmittance of the HIP-ed Sm:LuAG ceramics (1.5 mm thickness) is 83.3% at a wavelength of 808 nm and absorption coefficient of 3.46 cm$^{-1}$ at 1064 nm, indicating that it can effectively suppress ASE and PO.
SN  - 3070-5851
PB  - Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge
LA  - English
ER  -

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@article{Ye2025Highly,
  author = {Junhao Ye and Weiwei Han and Zhenzhen Zhou and Chen Hu and Yiyang Liu and Lexiang Wu and Dong Huang and Tingsong Li and Jiang Li},
  title = {Highly Transparent Sm:LuAG Ceramics for Cladding Fabricated by Solid-state Reactive Sintering},
  journal = {Journal of Advanced Materials Research},
  year = {2025},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-17},
  doi = {10.62762/JAMR.2025.567536},
  url = {https://www.icck.org/article/abs/JAMR.2025.567536},
  abstract = {In solid-state laser systems with nanosecond repetition rates and high energy, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and parasitic oscillation (PO) produced by the gain material can significantly impact the laser output. A well-designed cladding composite structure is an effective solution to absorb ASE and suppress PO. In this work, 5 at.\% Sm:LuAG transparent ceramics, a promising cladding material for suppressors of PO at 1064 nm of Nd:LuAG lasers, have been prepared by solid-state reactive sintering at 1825 °C followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) post-treatment at 1750 °C. The influences of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) content on microstructure evolution, in-line transmittance of the 5 at.\% Sm:LuAG ceramics were studied. The results show that when the TEOS content is 0.8 wt.\%, high transparency Sm:LuAG ceramics can be obtained by vacuum sintering at 1825 °C for 5 h followed by HIP post-treatment at 1750 °C in an argon atmosphere under 200 MPa for 3 h. The optimum in-line transmittance of the HIP-ed Sm:LuAG ceramics (1.5 mm thickness) is 83.3\% at a wavelength of 808 nm and absorption coefficient of 3.46 cm\$^{-1}\$ at 1064 nm, indicating that it can effectively suppress ASE and PO.},
  keywords = {Sm:LuAG, transparent ceramics, cladding ceramics, microstructure evolution, sintering additives},
  issn = {3070-5851},
  publisher = {Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge}
}

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