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Volume 1, Issue 2, ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems
Volume 1, Issue 2, 2025
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ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2025: 93-108

Free to Read | Research Article | 30 December 2025
A Model for Assessing the Degree of Digitalization in Electric Power Networks
1 Department of Information Technology in Industry, Faculty of Computer Systems and Technologies, Technical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
2 Department of Computer Systems, Faculty of Computer Systems and Technologies, Technical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
3 Faculty of Computer Science, Goce Delčev University of Štip, Štip 2000, Republic of North Macedonia
* Corresponding Author: Nikolay Hinov, [email protected]
Received: 17 November 2025, Accepted: 19 December 2025, Published: 30 December 2025  
Abstract
The increasing integration of digital technologies into electric power networks has transformed traditional grids into complex cyber-physical systems. Yet, the level of digital maturity across operators remains uneven, lacking a unified assessment framework. This paper proposes a structured model for evaluating the degree of digitalization in power grids, integrating technological, organizational, and analytical dimensions. The model introduces six core domains, technological infrastructure, data and analytics, operational processes, cybersecurity, organizational culture, and distributed energy integration, each evaluated across four maturity levels. A weighted scoring system is used to compute a Digitalization Score Index (DSI), allowing quantitative comparison and benchmarking. The proposed model is tested through a case study involving a regional grid operator, demonstrating its capability to identify gaps and guide digital transformation strategies. Results show that such an approach enhances transparency, supports investment prioritization, and aligns network modernization with the principles of smart grid development.

Graphical Abstract
A Model for Assessing the Degree of Digitalization in Electric Power Networks

Keywords
digitalization
power grid
maturity model
smart grid
assessment framework

Data Availability Statement
Data will be made available on request.

Funding
This work was supported by the Bulgarian National Scientific Fund under the project “Optimization of Energy Consumption in Small and Medium Enterprises Based on Micro and Nano Grids” (Project No. KTI-06-M87/2/06.12.2024).

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate
Not applicable.

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Cite This Article
APA Style
Stanchev, P., Hinov, N., & Zlatev, Z. (2025). A Model for Assessing the Degree of Digitalization in Electric Power Networks. ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems, 1(2), 93–108. https://doi.org/10.62762/TEPNS.2025.524616
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanchev, Plamen
AU  - Hinov, Nikolay
AU  - Zlatev, Zoran
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/30
TI  - A Model for Assessing the Degree of Digitalization in Electric Power Networks
JO  - ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems
T2  - ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems
JF  - ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
SP  - 93
EP  - 108
DO  - 10.62762/TEPNS.2025.524616
UR  - https://www.icck.org/article/abs/TEPNS.2025.524616
KW  - digitalization
KW  - power grid
KW  - maturity model
KW  - smart grid
KW  - assessment framework
AB  - The increasing integration of digital technologies into electric power networks has transformed traditional grids into complex cyber-physical systems. Yet, the level of digital maturity across operators remains uneven, lacking a unified assessment framework. This paper proposes a structured model for evaluating the degree of digitalization in power grids, integrating technological, organizational, and analytical dimensions. The model introduces six core domains, technological infrastructure, data and analytics, operational processes, cybersecurity, organizational culture, and distributed energy integration, each evaluated across four maturity levels. A weighted scoring system is used to compute a Digitalization Score Index (DSI), allowing quantitative comparison and benchmarking. The proposed model is tested through a case study involving a regional grid operator, demonstrating its capability to identify gaps and guide digital transformation strategies. Results show that such an approach enhances transparency, supports investment prioritization, and aligns network modernization with the principles of smart grid development.
SN  - 3070-2607
PB  - Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge
LA  - English
ER  - 
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@article{Stanchev2025A,
  author = {Plamen Stanchev and Nikolay Hinov and Zoran Zlatev},
  title = {A Model for Assessing the Degree of Digitalization in Electric Power Networks},
  journal = {ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems},
  year = {2025},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {93-108},
  doi = {10.62762/TEPNS.2025.524616},
  url = {https://www.icck.org/article/abs/TEPNS.2025.524616},
  abstract = {The increasing integration of digital technologies into electric power networks has transformed traditional grids into complex cyber-physical systems. Yet, the level of digital maturity across operators remains uneven, lacking a unified assessment framework. This paper proposes a structured model for evaluating the degree of digitalization in power grids, integrating technological, organizational, and analytical dimensions. The model introduces six core domains, technological infrastructure, data and analytics, operational processes, cybersecurity, organizational culture, and distributed energy integration, each evaluated across four maturity levels. A weighted scoring system is used to compute a Digitalization Score Index (DSI), allowing quantitative comparison and benchmarking. The proposed model is tested through a case study involving a regional grid operator, demonstrating its capability to identify gaps and guide digital transformation strategies. Results show that such an approach enhances transparency, supports investment prioritization, and aligns network modernization with the principles of smart grid development.},
  keywords = {digitalization, power grid, maturity model, smart grid, assessment framework},
  issn = {3070-2607},
  publisher = {Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge}
}

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