Lightning Protection of the Underground Cable Line Connecting an Overhead Line to a 110 kV Substation

Mladen Banjanin

doi:10.62762/TEPNS.2026.455083

Volume 2, Issue 1, ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems

Volume 2, Issue 1, 2026

Submit Manuscript Edit a Special Issue

Article QR Code

Scan the QR code for reading

Popular articles

Case Studies on Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Finance to Transform Decision Making and Risk Management for Enhanced Financial Outcomes Reinforcement Learning for Prompt Optimization in Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Methods, Representations, and Evaluation Challenges AI and the Future of Education: Advancing Personalized Learning and Intelligent Tutoring Systems Reservoir Science: A Multi-Coupling Communication Platform to Promote Energy Transformation, Climate Change and Environmental Protection From CO$_2$ Sequestration to Hydrogen Storage: Further Utilization of Depleted Gas Reservoirs Effects of Crosslinking Agents and Reservoir Conditions on the Propagation of Fractures in Coal Reservoirs During Hydraulic Fracturing Plant Disease Detection Using Deep Learning Techniques Modeling Brain Functional Networks Using Graph Neural Networks: A Review and Clinical Application The Influence of Geological Factors and Transmission Fluids on the Exploitation of Reservoir Geothermal Resources: Factor Discussion and Mechanism Analysis Current Status and Development Prospects of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) in China: Technical, Policy, and Market Perspectives

ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2026: 22-30

Free to Read | Research Article | 01 March 2026

Lightning Protection of the Underground Cable Line Connecting an Overhead Line to a 110 kV Substation

Mladen Banjanin 1 *

1 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of East Sarajevo, East Sarajevo 71123, Bosnia and Herzegovina

* Corresponding Author: Mladen Banjanin, [email protected]

DOI: 10.62762/TEPNS.2026.455083

ARK: ark:/57805/tepns.2026.455083

Received: 03 February 2026, Accepted: 18 February 2026, Published: 01 March 2026

PDF (2.61 MB)

Article Metrics Cite This Article

Abstract

This paper analyzes the lightning protection of a 110 kV underground cable line connecting two overhead transmission lines with a 110 kV substation. The transition from two overhead lines to two underground cable lines is implemented at a special double-circuit overhead line tower located approximately 2.4 km from the 110 kV substation. Lightning transients are calculated at: (i) both cable terminations, first at the transition tower and second at the substation, (ii) at the first (more critical) cable joint, (iii) at the cable sheath to the surrounding soil and objects. The latter analysis is performed to assess the risk of outer cable insulation breakdown between the sheath and the transition tower or its grounding system, as well as between the cable sheath and the substation grounding system at the opposite end of the cable. The applied surge arrester configuration is presented, and it can provide a high level of lightning protection for the analyzed system. In addition, the energy stress of the surge arresters is calculated to verify that they are not overstressed during the mitigation of lightning transients.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

cable line

insulation breakdown

lightning protection

overhead line

surge arrester

transition tower

Data Availability Statement

Data will be made available on request.

Funding

This work was supported without any funding.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

AI Use Statement

The authors declare that no generative AI was used in the preparation of this manuscript.

Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate

Not applicable.

References

INMR. (2023). HV cable transition towers: A collection of design possibilities. INMR. Retrieved January 14, 2026, from https://www.inmr.com/hv-cable-transition-towers-a-collection-of-design-possibilities/
[Google Scholar]
Colla, L., Gatta, F. M., Geri, A., & Lauria, S. (2007, June). Lightning overvoltages in HV-EHV “mixed” overhead-cable lines. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Systems Transients (pp. 07-021).
[Google Scholar]
Tarko, R., Gajdzica, J., Nowak, W., & Szpyra, W. (2021). Study of the lightning overvoltage protection effectiveness of high voltage mixed overhead cable power lines. Energies, 14(8), 2329.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Faria da Silva, F., & Pedersen, K. (2022). Lightning surges in hybrid cable-overhead lines: Part I—voltage estimation for shielding failure. Electrical Engineering, 104(5), 3281-3294.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Faria da Silva, F., & Pedersen, K. (2022). Lightning surges in hybrid cable-overhead lines: Part II—voltage estimation for strikes to shield wire. Electrical Engineering, 104(5), 3445-3451.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Hadjicostas, A. Y., Datsios, Z. G., Mikropoulos, P. N., Tsovilis, T., Kagiannas, A., Politis, Z., & Peppas, G. D. (2025). Dimensioning of sheath voltage limiters for single-core power cables connecting an overhead transmission line to a 150 kV substation. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Asif, M., Lee, H. Y., Khan, U. A., Park, K. H., & Lee, B. W. (2018). Analysis of transient behavior of mixed high voltage DC transmission line under lightning strikes. IEEE Access, 7, 7194-7205.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Canadian-American EMTP User Group. (1987-1992). Alternative Transients Program (ATP) rule book. Retrieved from https://pdfcoffee.com/atp-rulebookdoc-pdf-free.html
[Google Scholar]
Høidalen, H. K. (2024). ATPDraw – The graphical preprocessor to ATP [Computer software]. Retrieved from https://www.atpdraw.net/
[Google Scholar]
The MathWorks Inc. (2024). MATLAB [Computer software]. Natick, MA. Retrieved from https://www.mathworks.com
[Google Scholar]
Banjanin, M., Taljan, U., Kanduč, P., Lavtar, M., & Radović, B. (2025). EMTP-ATP and MATLAB-based parameter variation calculations – Case study of lightning protection of 110 kV substation at the wind park. B&H Electrical Engineering, 19(1), 45-51.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Banjanin, M. (2025). Lightning protection of the 110 kV substation at the wind park – Surge arresters in the line bay or at the gantry tower. ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems, 1(1), 26–37.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Banjanin, M. S. (2018). Application possibilities of special lightning protection systems of overhead distribution and transmission lines. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 100, 482-488.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
IEEE Working Group on Estimating Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines. (1985). A simplified method for estimating lightning performance of transmission lines. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-104(4), 918-932.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
IEEE Working Group on Estimating Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines. (1993). Estimating lightning performance of transmission line 2--Updates to analytical models. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers);(United States), 8(3).
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
CIGRE Working Group 33.01. (1991). Guide to procedures for estimating the lightning performance of transmission lines (CIGRE Technical Brochure No. 63). CIGRE.
[Google Scholar]
IEEE Task Force for fast front transients. (1996). Modeling guidelines for fast front transients. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 11(1), 493-506.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
International Electrotechnical Commission. (2010). Protection against lightning – Part 1: General principles (IEC 62305-1:2010) (2nd ed.). IEC. Retrieved from https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/6798
[Google Scholar]
International Electrotechnical Commission. (2004). Insulation co-ordination – Part 4: Computational guide to insulation co-ordination and modelling of electrical networks (IEC TR 60071-4:2004). Retrieved from https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/581
[Google Scholar]
IEEE Power & Energy Society. (2011). IEEE Guide for improving the lightning performance of electric power overhead distribution lines (IEEE Std 1410-2010). IEEE. Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5706451
[Google Scholar]
International Electrotechnical Commission. (2019). Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules (IEC 60071-1:2019) (9th ed.). IEC. Retrieved from https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/62336
[Google Scholar]
International Electrotechnical Commission. (2014). Surge arresters – Part 4: Metal-oxide surge arresters without gaps for a.c. systems (IEC 60099-4:2014) (3rd ed.). IEC. Retrieved from https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/7233
[Google Scholar]
CIGRE Working Group C4.407. (2013). Lightning parameters for engineering applications (CIGRE Technical Brochure No. 549). CIGRE.
[Google Scholar]
CIGRE Working Group B1.46. (2020). Sheath bonding systems of AC transmission cables – Design, testing, and maintenance (CIGRE Technical Brochure No. 797). CIGRE.
[Google Scholar]

Cite This Article

APA Style

Banjanin, M. (2026). Lightning Protection of the Underground Cable Line Connecting an Overhead Line to a 110 kV Substation. ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems, 2(1), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.62762/TEPNS.2026.455083

Export Citation

RIS Format

Compatible with EndNote, Zotero, Mendeley, and other reference managers

RIS format data for reference managers

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banjanin, Mladen
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/03/01
TI  - Lightning Protection of the Underground Cable Line Connecting an Overhead Line to a 110 kV Substation
JO  - ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems
T2  - ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems
JF  - ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
SP  - 22
EP  - 30
DO  - 10.62762/TEPNS.2026.455083
UR  - https://www.icck.org/article/abs/TEPNS.2026.455083
KW  - cable line
KW  - insulation breakdown
KW  - lightning protection
KW  - overhead line
KW  - surge arrester
KW  - transition tower
AB  - This paper analyzes the lightning protection of a 110 kV underground cable line connecting two overhead transmission lines with a 110 kV substation. The transition from two overhead lines to two underground cable lines is implemented at a special double-circuit overhead line tower located approximately 2.4 km from the 110 kV substation. Lightning transients are calculated at: (i) both cable terminations, first at the transition tower and second at the substation, (ii) at the first (more critical) cable joint, (iii) at the cable sheath to the surrounding soil and objects. The latter analysis is performed to assess the risk of outer cable insulation breakdown between the sheath and the transition tower or its grounding system, as well as between the cable sheath and the substation grounding system at the opposite end of the cable. The applied surge arrester configuration is presented, and it can provide a high level of lightning protection for the analyzed system. In addition, the energy stress of the surge arresters is calculated to verify that they are not overstressed during the mitigation of lightning transients.
SN  - 3070-2607
PB  - Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge
LA  - English
ER  -

BibTeX Format

Compatible with LaTeX, BibTeX, and other reference managers

BibTeX format data for LaTeX and reference managers

@article{Banjanin2026Lightning,
  author = {Mladen Banjanin},
  title = {Lightning Protection of the Underground Cable Line Connecting an Overhead Line to a 110 kV Substation},
  journal = {ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {22-30},
  doi = {10.62762/TEPNS.2026.455083},
  url = {https://www.icck.org/article/abs/TEPNS.2026.455083},
  abstract = {This paper analyzes the lightning protection of a 110 kV underground cable line connecting two overhead transmission lines with a 110 kV substation. The transition from two overhead lines to two underground cable lines is implemented at a special double-circuit overhead line tower located approximately 2.4 km from the 110 kV substation. Lightning transients are calculated at: (i) both cable terminations, first at the transition tower and second at the substation, (ii) at the first (more critical) cable joint, (iii) at the cable sheath to the surrounding soil and objects. The latter analysis is performed to assess the risk of outer cable insulation breakdown between the sheath and the transition tower or its grounding system, as well as between the cable sheath and the substation grounding system at the opposite end of the cable. The applied surge arrester configuration is presented, and it can provide a high level of lightning protection for the analyzed system. In addition, the energy stress of the surge arresters is calculated to verify that they are not overstressed during the mitigation of lightning transients.},
  keywords = {cable line, insulation breakdown, lightning protection, overhead line, surge arrester, transition tower},
  issn = {3070-2607},
  publisher = {Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge}
}

Article Metrics

Citations:

Google Scholar

Crossref

Scopus

Web of Science

Article Access Statistics:

PDF Downloads: 12

Publisher's Note

ICCK stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and Permissions

Institute of Central Computation and Knowledge (ICCK) or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

ICCK Transactions on Electric Power Networks and Systems

ISSN: 3070-2607 (Online)

Email: [email protected]

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:
https://www.portico.org/publishers/icck/

User

Unlimited Downloads

Complete Library Access

Membership Eligibility

Community Leadership Opportunities

Google Scholar

Crossref

Scopus

Web of Science