The rapid advancement of generative AI has created a critical gap between technological innovation and accountability frameworks. Traditional responsibility mechanisms fail structurally when confronted with AI's black box nature, emergent behaviors, and capacity for autonomous decision-making—characteristics that sever the causal chains upon which legal and ethical liability depends. This Perspective argues that resolving this accountability paradox requires not a single regulatory fix but a distributed responsibility model spanning four interconnected domains: the proactive obligations of technology developers across the AI lifecycle, the paradigm shifts required in legal frameworks inclu... More >

The rapid expansion of edge computing and Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems has introduced new cybersecurity challenges, particularly in decentralized, resource-constrained environments where traditional security models often fall short. This paper proposes an immune-inspired artificial intelligence framework (I3AI) that draws on core principles of biological immune systems including self-organization, local learning, and immune memory to enable adaptive, privacy-preserving defense mechanisms across distributed edge nodes. The architecture incorporates federated learning to maintain a decentralized threat intelligence network while ensuring data privacy and minimal communication overhead.... More >

Depression affects approximately 280 million people worldwide, yet remains substantially underdiagnosed due to the limitations of clinical assessment tools. This systematic review synthesizes 38 studies (2013--2025) on AI-based depression detection across voice, facial expression, physiological signals, and social media modalities, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Multimodal fusion consistently outperforms unimodal approaches, with reported F1 gains of 5-15% on benchmark datasets; however, no reviewed system has undergone prospective clinical validation, and reported accuracy figures should be interpreted as upper bounds on clinical utility. Critical open challenges include cross-cultural... More >

In the medical field, efficient and accurate classification of sequential and structured data is crucially important and useful for early diagnosis and treatment. Traditional machine learning models struggle with the complexity and nonlinearity of dynamic datasets, whereas deep learning models, despite their effectiveness, require extensive resources and lack transparency. This paper proposes a novel lightweight ensemble framework integrating a parameterized SoftMax function with a non-parametric Random Forest method through a soft voting mechanism, supported by the Nonlinear AutoRegressive eXogenous (NARX) model and optimized using a forward orthogonal search and selection (FOSS) algorithm... More >

Topic modeling is a widely used unsupervised natural language processing (NLP) technique aimed at discovering latent themes within documents. Since traditional methods fall short in capturing contextual meaning, approaches based on large language models (LLMs)—such as BERTopic—hold the potential to generate more meaningful and diverse topics. However, systematic comparative studies of these models, especially in domains requiring high accuracy and interpretability such as healthcare, remain limited. This study compares ten different LLMs (GPT, Claude, Gemini, LLaMA, Qwen, Phi, Zephyr, DeepSeek, NVIDIA-LLaMA, Gemma) using a dataset of 9,320 medical article abstracts. Each model was tasked... More >

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a principled paradigm for privacy-preserving decentralized machine learning, enabling model training across distributed embedded devices without centralizing sensitive data. This review examines FL as applied to resource-constrained embedded and edge AI systems, encompassing its architectural foundations, principal optimization algorithms, application domains, and security mechanisms. We analyze the interplay between FL's theoretical properties and the practical constraints imposed by heterogeneous embedded hardware, non-IID data distributions, bandwidth-limited IoT networks, and adversarial threat models. Application domains examined in depth include s... More >

This article [1] has been retracted by ICCK following an investigation conducted by the publisher. After publication, it was brought to the journal’s attention that some of the listed authors were unaware of the submission and had not provided their consent to be included as co-authors. In accordance with the COPE guidelines [2], the publisher initiated a formal investigation. It was confirmed that the author Shuyan Liu (School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan 650000, China) was unaware of the submission, did not contribute to the research or writing of the manuscript, and did not approve the final version for publication. As a result, the article is b... More >

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with cloud computing has emerged as a pivotal strategy for enterprises seeking scalable and intelligent modernization. This paper explores how cloud-based AI solutions are transforming enterprise ecosystems by offering highly scalable, flexible, and cost-effective platforms for deploying intelligent applications. We examine the convergence of AI-as-a-Service (AIaaS), cloud-native architectures, and data-driven decision-making, and how these capabilities collectively drive operational efficiency, customer engagement, and innovation—particularly within sectors such as healthcare, finance, and manufacturing. The study investigates key enablers i... More >